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Gestational Diabetes – Symptoms, Risks, and Management


Pregnant woman checking her blood sugar level
Gestational Diabetes

Navigating pregnancy can be both thrilling and daunting, especially when coupled with the unexpected diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM). Gestational diabetes is a temporary condition arising during pregnancy when your body struggles to regulate blood sugar levels. It affects up to 6% of pregnant women globally, often manifesting in the second or third trimester.

 

How Does it Happen?

When you eat, your pancreas releases a hormone called insulin. Insulin helps your body's cells use glucose from your food for energy. During pregnancy, your placenta makes hormones that can make it harder for your body to use insulin. This is called insulin resistance.

Your blood sugar levels rise if your body can't make enough insulin to overcome insulin resistance. This is gestational diabetes.

 

Gestational Diabetes in India

In India, an estimated 62 million people battle Type 2 diabetes, and sadly, this number is projected to rise to 79.4 million by 2025. Paralleling this trend, GDM, a temporary form of diabetes affecting pregnant women, is also on the rise. Studies paint a varied picture across the country, with prevalence ranging from 3.8% in Kashmir to 17.9% in Tamil Nadu. Strikingly, around 4 million women in India grapple with GDM at any given time, underscoring the urgent need for increased awareness and effective management strategies. While these statistics might seem overwhelming, remember that GDM is manageable with proper care and knowledge, medical treatment, and by including Ayurveda for diabetes and sugar control under professional guidance.

 

Risk Factors: Who's More Likely to Experience GDM?


A form asking if you are at risk of getting Gestational Diabetes
Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors

  1. Age: The risk rises after 35, with one in four women over 40 developing GDM.

  2. Weight: Carrying excess weight before pregnancy doubles the GDM risk.

  3. Family History: Having a close relative with diabetes triples your risk.

  4. Pre-existing Conditions: PCOS, gestational hypertension, and prediabetes significantly increase the risk.

  5. Previous GDM: Women with GDM in a previous pregnancy have a 70% chance of developing it again.


Symptoms of GDM


Various icons showing symptoms of Diabetes
Gestational Diabetes Symptoms

GDM can sometimes remain silent, but some telltale signs may emerge:

  • Increased Thirst: Feeling excessively thirsty throughout the day is a common symptom.

  • Frequent Urination: Peeing more often than usual, especially at night, can be an indicator.

  • Unexplained Fatigue: Constant tiredness and lack of energy might be linked to GDM.

  • Blurred Vision: Changes in vision are a potential sign of uncontrolled blood sugar.

  • Unexplained Weight Loss: Despite increased appetite, some women with GDM experience weight loss.

  • Slow-Healing Wounds: Delayed healing can be another possible symptom.

  • Fungal Infections: Frequent yeast infections or thrush can be associated with GDM.

 

Diagnosis: Identifying GDM Early

Early diagnosis is crucial for managing GDM effectively. Common diagnostic tests include:

  1. Fasting Blood Sugar Test: Measures your blood sugar after an overnight fast.

  2. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): Checks your blood sugar levels before and after consuming a sugary drink.

These tests help healthcare professionals determine if your blood sugar levels fall within the GDM range.

 

Managing Gestational Diabetes


Vegetables, glucose meter and a card saying Diabetes
Gestational Diabetes Management

Managing GDM involves a comprehensive approach; you can incorporate modern medical practices, Ayurvedic medicine for diabetes, and healthy lifestyle modifications.

Healthy Diet

balanced meals with low glycemic index foods is critical. Some foods like bitter gourd, fenugreek, and jamun have been traditionally used for blood sugar control and can be incorporated into your diet to complement your prescribed meal plan.

Regular Exercise

Gentle physical activity like yoga, walking, or prenatal swimming helps regulate blood sugar and improve overall health. Consult your doctor for exercise guidance tailored to your specific needs and conditions.

Blood Sugar Monitoring

Self-monitoring at home allows you and your doctor to track and regulate your blood sugar levels.

Medication

In some cases, medication may be needed to optimize blood sugar control. You may also explore Ayurvedic medicine for sugar control under the guidance of a qualified practitioner for additional support.

Remember, with proper care, support, and a holistic approach, most women with GDM can have a healthy pregnancy and deliver a healthy baby.

 

Takeaway

  1. GDM is manageable with dedicated care, a healthy diet, and an active lifestyle.

  2. Early diagnosis is crucial for optimal outcomes, so schedule regular checkups with your healthcare team.

  3. Seek support from healthcare professionals and consider exploring complementary therapies like yoga, herbal remedies, or an add-on therapy of Ayurvedic tablets for diabetes under the guidance of a qualified practitioner.

Embrace your GDM journey with knowledge, self-care, and a positive attitude. You are not alone; you can navigate this path towards a healthy and joyful pregnancy with the proper tools.

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